{"id":6257,"date":"2025-12-12T20:28:06","date_gmt":"2025-12-13T01:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drsoelwin.laymandhamma.com\/%e1%80%9e%e1%80%90%e1%80%ad%e1%80%94%e1%80%be%e1%80%84%e1%80%b7%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%94%e1%80%9a%e1%80%ba%e1%80%9e%e1%80%af%e1%80%b6%e1%80%b8%e1%80%94%e1%80%9a%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%80%e1%80%bc%e1%80%b1\/"},"modified":"2025-12-20T17:30:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-20T22:30:20","slug":"%e1%80%9e%e1%80%90%e1%80%ad%e1%80%94%e1%80%be%e1%80%84%e1%80%b7%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%94%e1%80%9a%e1%80%ba%e1%80%9e%e1%80%af%e1%80%b6%e1%80%b8%e1%80%94%e1%80%9a%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%80%e1%80%bc%e1%80%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drsoelwin.laymandhamma.com\/en\/%e1%80%9e%e1%80%90%e1%80%ad%e1%80%94%e1%80%be%e1%80%84%e1%80%b7%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%94%e1%80%9a%e1%80%ba%e1%80%9e%e1%80%af%e1%80%b6%e1%80%b8%e1%80%94%e1%80%9a%e1%80%ba-%e1%80%a1%e1%80%80%e1%80%bc%e1%80%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"

Mindfulness and the Three Domains<\/h1>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mindfulness and the Three Domains<\/h1><\/h1>\n

Today, I would like to explain in detail the relationship between mindfulness (sati)<\/strong> and the three domains<\/strong>. In the practice of Vipassan\u0101, these two are extremely important foundational pillars.<\/p><\/p>\n

The Fundamental Principles of the Three Domains<\/h2><\/h2>\n

I present the three domains separately especially for those who are not close to scriptural study. In the scriptures, there are only two truths: conventional truth (sammuti sacca)<\/strong> and ultimate truth (paramattha sacca)<\/strong>. Ultimate truth can be divided into natural realities\u2014materiality (r\u016bpa), mind (citta), and mental factors (cetasika)\u2014and the noble truth of Nibb\u0101na.<\/p>\n\n

However, in Vipassan\u0101 practice, since we must clearly distinguish between concept (pa\u00f1\u00f1atti) and ultimate reality (paramattha), when people hear \u201cultimate,\u201d they tend to recognize only materiality, mind, and mental factors. Therefore, in order to clearly understand the Four Noble Truths, I present them in terms of distinct domains of truth<\/em>.<\/p><\/p>\n

In the Sammuti<\/strong> realm (S\u012bla<\/strong> realm), there exist \"I\", others, men, women, persons, and beings. Good and bad exist. Cause and effect exist. Wrong views of Nicca, Sukha, Subha, Atta<\/strong> exist. This level is the level in which we live our worldly lives. Apart from Suta<\/strong> knowledge gained from reading and listening to Dhamma, those who know by thinking and reflecting tend to think that they know quite a lot. That is true; it is knowing the connections of R\u016bpa-N\u0101ma<\/strong> and Cause and Effect from the perspective of the Sammuti<\/strong> realm.<\/p>\n

The Conventional Domain (The Domain of Morality)<\/h2>\n\n

In the conventional domain, there exist \u201cI,\u201d \u201cothers,\u201d men, women, persons, and beings. There are good and bad, cause and effect. There are wrong views of permanence (nicca), happiness (sukha), beauty (subha), and self (atta). This is the level at which we live our everyday worldly lives.<\/p>\n\n

Those who have studied texts, listened to Dhamma talks, and reflected intellectually often believe they know themselves quite well. This is true at the level of the conventional domain: they understand cause-and-effect relationships of mind and matter at a conceptual level.<\/p>\n\n

The Ultimate Domain (The Domain of Concentration)<\/h2>\n\n

In the ultimate domain, there exist only mind and matter, the five aggregates. There are no persons or beings\u2014only causal relationships of mind and matter. Here, there is right understanding of impermanence (anicca), suffering (dukkha), non-beauty (asubha), and non-self (anatt\u0101).<\/p>\n\n

However, even at this level, practitioners often do not yet directly and accurately see the true causal relationships of mind and matter. Therefore, at the ultimate domain, they are still only at an elementary or preliminary stage.<\/p><\/p>\n

The Truth Domain (The Domain of Wisdom)<\/h2>\n\n

In the truth domain, there are the Four Noble Truths:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • The two worldly truths: the Truth of Suffering (dukkha sacca) and the Truth of the Origin of Suffering (samudaya sacca)<\/li>\n
  • The two supramundane truths: the Truth of Cessation (nirodha sacca) and the Truth of the Path (magga sacca)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Vipassan\u0101 is practiced for the purpose of directly knowing and realizing these Four Noble Truths.<\/p><\/p>\n

    Crossing the Three Domains<\/h2><\/h2>\n

    \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101d\u102d\u1015\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a

    From Conventional Truth to Ultimate Truth<\/h2><\/strong> \u1000\u1030\u1038\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102c \u1012\u102f\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1012\u101a\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1014\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1013\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u1002\u1039\u1002\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1038<\/strong>\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1013\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1005\u1000\u103c\u102c<\/strong>\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1015\u1009\u1039\u1005\u101d\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102e\u1004\u102b\u1038\u1026\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038 \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1015\u1011\u1019\u1026\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1010\u102d\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1030\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1000\u103d\u1031\u1000\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u1019\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1019\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1030\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101b\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u1019\u101b\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1010\u101a\u103a \u101f\u102f \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u1030\u104f\u104b \u1024\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1009\u1039\u1005\u101d\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102e\u1004\u102b\u1038\u1026\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1010\u102d\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038 “ \u101e\u1036\u1001\u102d\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1031\u1014 \u1015\u1009\u1039\u1005\u102f\u1015\u102b\u1012\u102b\u1014\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1014\u1039\u1013\u102c \u1012\u102f\u1000\u1039\u1001\u102c” <\/strong> (\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u103d\u1032\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1004\u102b\u1038\u1001\u1014\u1039\u1013\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u104f) \u101f\u102f \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u1030\u104f\u104b \u1015\u1009\u1039\u1005\u101d\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102e\u1004\u102b\u1038\u1026\u1038\u1000 \u1024\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1004\u102b\u1038\u101b\u1000\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101e\u1031\u102c\u1010\u102c\u1015\u1014\u103a<\/strong>\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036 \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u101a\u103a \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u101e\u1010\u102d\u104f \u1021\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u100f\u1039\u100d<\/h2>\n

    \u101a\u1001\u102f \u101e\u1010\u102d\u104f \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1010\u102d<\/strong>\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1031\u1037\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong>\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u1031\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1030\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1031\u1010\u101e\u102d\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101c\u1031\u102c\u1018\u104a \u1012\u1031\u102b\u101e\u104a \u1019\u1031\u102c\u101f\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1031\u1010\u101e\u102d\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1000\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102f\u101e\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1010\u101e\u102d\u1000\u103a<\/strong> \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1031\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1012\u102e\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1031 \u1021\u102c\u101b\u102f\u1036\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1000 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u102b\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1031\u1037\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1000 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u102b\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104b \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000 \u1021\u1032\u1037\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1019\u101e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000 \u1012\u102e\u101f\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1010\u101a\u103a \u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u104b \u101e\u1030\u1000 \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1031\u1037\u1010\u102c\u1000 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000 \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u101e\u1010\u102d\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u101e\u102d\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u104b \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000 \u1019\u1010\u1030\u1018\u1030\u1038<\/strong>\u104b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1031\u1037\u1010\u102c\u1000 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u104a \u101e\u102d\u1010\u102c\u1000 \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1010\u102d\u104f \u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a<\/h2>\n

    \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1010\u102d\u1014\u101a\u103a<\/strong>\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u100a\u102c\u101e\u102d\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u104d\u104a \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a<\/strong>\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101d\u102d\u100a\u102c\u100f\u103a\u101e\u102d\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102c\u104a \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a<\/strong>\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u100a\u102c\u101e\u102d<\/strong> \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u100a\u102c\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103e \u101d\u102d\u100a\u102c\u1009\u103a\u101e\u102d\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1010\u102d\u104a \u101d\u102e\u101b\u102d\u101a\u104a \u101e\u1019\u102c\u1013\u102d<\/strong>\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u1030\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1021\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1014\u1000\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u102c \u101c\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong> \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1000\u102d\u101c\u1031\u101e\u102c\u1019\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1000\u102d\u101c\u1031\u101e\u102c\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1014\u1036\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1005\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1011\u102d\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1012\u102e\u1015\u1011\u1019\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101d\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a<\/strong>\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101d\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1010\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1001\u102f\u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1018\u102c\u1000\u102d\u101c\u1031\u101e\u102c\u1019\u103e\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u101c\u1031\u102c\u1018\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104a \u1012\u1031\u102b\u101e\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104a \u1019\u1031\u102c\u101f\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104a \u1000\u102d\u101c\u1031\u101e\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1000\u102d\u101c\u1031\u101e\u102c\u1018\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1014\u1031\u102c<\/strong>\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1012\u102b\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037<\/strong> \u1021\u1032\u1012\u102e\u1000\u102d\u101c\u1031\u101e\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1031\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104b \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b<\/p>\n

    Sati<\/strong> and Up\u0101d\u0101na<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1019\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u100a\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000<\/strong> \u101e\u100a\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1013\u1019\u1039\u1019\u102c\u101b\u102f\u1036<\/strong>\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1025\u1015\u102b\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a<\/strong>\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u103d\u1032\u101a\u1030\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u100a\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101d\u102b\u104a ‘\u1004\u102b’ \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1021\u101a\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1011\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1019\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u100a\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1001\u1014\u1039\u1013\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1009\u102c\u100f\u103a\u1019\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1005\u103d\u1032\u1025\u1015\u102b\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u102c \u1015\u102f\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101d\u102b\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u103e\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u101a\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1011\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101b\u101c\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1025\u1015\u102b\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u104c \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u104d \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong>\u104b \u1025\u1015\u102b\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1025\u1015\u102b\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1001\u102f\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1030\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038<\/strong>\u101e\u100a\u103a ‘\u1015\u102f\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\u1019\u101a\u1030\u104a \u1014\u102c\u1019\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101a\u1030\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u101e\u1030 \u1025\u1015\u102b\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038’<\/strong> \u101f\u102f \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104f\u104b<\/p>\n

    Conclusion<\/h2><\/h2>\n

    \u101d\u102d\u1015\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u102c \u101c\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1032<\/strong>\u104b \u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000 “ \u101e\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u102f\u1001\u103b \u101e\u1031\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102c \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a” \u101f\u102f \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000 \u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1007\u1030\u1038\u1006\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037 “ \u101e\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1019\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037\u104a \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a” <\/strong> \u101f\u102f \u101b\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1000\u101c\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong>\u101c\u1031\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u1015\u1001\u102f\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1030\u1021\u1014\u102d\u1005\u1039\u1005\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000 “ \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101d\u102b\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102d\u101e\u102c\u101c\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038” <\/strong> \u101f\u102f \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101d\u102b\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101d\u102b\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103b\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1032 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u104b \u1021\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1015\u1032\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u1021\u101e\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1015\u1032\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101d\u102b\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b<\/p>\n

    \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u101b\u1019\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1010\u102d\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000 \u101e\u100a\u102c\u101e\u102d\u104a \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000 \u101d\u102d\u100a\u102c\u100f\u103a\u101e\u102d\u104a \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000 \u1015\u100a\u102c\u101e\u102d \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101d\u102d\u1015\u103f\u1014\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104a \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1010\u102d\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u1030\u1038\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102c \u1012\u102f\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1012\u101a\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1014\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1013\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u1002\u1039\u1002\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1038 \u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1010\u102d<\/strong>\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1024\u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u1031\u104b<\/p>\n

    Dr. Soe Lwin (Mandalay)<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u101a\u103a \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1012\u102e\u1014\u1031\u1037 \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u101a\u103a\u104f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101d\u102d\u1015\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1024\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1021\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u101a\u103a\u104f \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101e\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1014\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1005\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1005\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1010\u102d\u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a 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\u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101b\u101e\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u101b\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u104a \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1005\u1031\u1010\u101e\u102d\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a 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